Parkinson's disease compromises the appraisal of action meanings evoked by naturalistic texts / Leonardo Fabio Moreno Gómez  

Público ISBD Título : Parkinson's disease compromises the appraisal of action meanings evoked by naturalistic texts Tipo de documento : documento electrónico Autores : Leonardo Fabio Moreno Gómez, Fecha de publicación : 2017 Títulos uniformes : Cortex Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave : Action semantics  Discourse processing  Ecological validity  Embodied cognition  Parkinson's disease Resumen : The linguistic profile of Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by difficulties in processing units which denote bodily movements. However, the available evidence has low ecological validity, as it stems from atomistic tasks which are never encountered in real life. Here, we assessed whether such deficits also occur for meanings evoked by context-rich narratives, considering patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI and PD-nMCI, respectively) and matched controls for each group. Participants read two naturalistic stories (an action text and a neutral text) and responded to questions tapping the appraisal of verb-related and circumstantial information. In PD-MCI, impairments in the appraisal of action meanings emerged alongside difficulties in other categories, but they were unique in their independence from general cognitive dysfunction. However, in PD-nMCI, deficits were observed only for action meanings, irrespective of the patients' domain-general skills (executive functions and general cognitive state). Also, using multiple group discriminant function analyses, we found that appraisal of action meanings was the only discourse-level variable that robustly contributed to classifying PD-MCI patients from controls (with an accuracy of 88% for all participants and for each sample separately). Moreover, this variable actually superseded a sensitive executive battery in discriminating between PD-nMCI and controls (with a combined accuracy of 83% for all participants, correctly classifying 79.2% of patients and 87.5% of controls). In sum, action appraisal deficits seem to constitute both a hallmark of naturalistic discourse processing in PD and a sensitive subject-level marker for patients with and without MCI. Such findings highlight the relevance of ecological measures of embodied cognitive functions in the assessment of this population. Mención de responsabilidad : Adolfo M García, Yamile Bocanegra, Elena Herrera, Leonardo Moreno, Jairo Carmona, Ana Baena, Francisco Lopera, David Pineda, Margherita Melloni, Agustina Legaz, Edinson Muñoz, Lucas Sedeño, Sandra Baez, Agustín Ibáñez Referencia : Cortex. 2018 Mar;100:111-126. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.003 PMID : 28764852 En línea : https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010945217302228 Enlace permanente : https://hospitalpablotobon.cloudbiteca.com/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4025 Parkinson's disease compromises the appraisal of action meanings evoked by naturalistic texts [documento electrónico] / Leonardo Fabio Moreno Gómez,  . - 2017. Obra : Cortex Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave : Action semantics  Discourse processing  Ecological validity  Embodied cognition  Parkinson's disease Resumen : The linguistic profile of Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by difficulties in processing units which denote bodily movements. However, the available evidence has low ecological validity, as it stems from atomistic tasks which are never encountered in real life. Here, we assessed whether such deficits also occur for meanings evoked by context-rich narratives, considering patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI and PD-nMCI, respectively) and matched controls for each group. Participants read two naturalistic stories (an action text and a neutral text) and responded to questions tapping the appraisal of verb-related and circumstantial information. In PD-MCI, impairments in the appraisal of action meanings emerged alongside difficulties in other categories, but they were unique in their independence from general cognitive dysfunction. However, in PD-nMCI, deficits were observed only for action meanings, irrespective of the patients' domain-general skills (executive functions and general cognitive state). Also, using multiple group discriminant function analyses, we found that appraisal of action meanings was the only discourse-level variable that robustly contributed to classifying PD-MCI patients from controls (with an accuracy of 88% for all participants and for each sample separately). Moreover, this variable actually superseded a sensitive executive battery in discriminating between PD-nMCI and controls (with a combined accuracy of 83% for all participants, correctly classifying 79.2% of patients and 87.5% of controls). In sum, action appraisal deficits seem to constitute both a hallmark of naturalistic discourse processing in PD and a sensitive subject-level marker for patients with and without MCI. Such findings highlight the relevance of ecological measures of embodied cognitive functions in the assessment of this population. Mención de responsabilidad : Adolfo M García, Yamile Bocanegra, Elena Herrera, Leonardo Moreno, Jairo Carmona, Ana Baena, Francisco Lopera, David Pineda, Margherita Melloni, Agustina Legaz, Edinson Muñoz, Lucas Sedeño, Sandra Baez, Agustín Ibáñez Referencia : Cortex. 2018 Mar;100:111-126. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.003 PMID : 28764852 En línea : https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010945217302228 Enlace permanente : https://hospitalpablotobon.cloudbiteca.com/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4025

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Syntax, action verbs, action semantics, and object semantics in Parkinson's disease: Dissociability, progression, and executive influences / Omar Fredy Buriticá Henao  

Público ISBD Título : Syntax, action verbs, action semantics, and object semantics in Parkinson's disease: Dissociability, progression, and executive influences Tipo de documento : documento electrónico Autores : Omar Fredy Buriticá Henao, Fecha de publicación : 2015 Títulos uniformes : Cortex Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave : Parkinson's disease  syntax  action verbs  action semantics  object semantics  executive functions  mild cognitive impairment Resumen : Several studies have recently shown that basal ganglia (BG) deterioration leads to distinctive impairments in the domains of syntax, action verbs, and action semantics. In particular, such disruptions have been repeatedly observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, it remains unclear whether these deficits are language-specific and whether they are equally dissociable from other reported disturbances –viz., processing of object semantics. To address these issues, we administered linguistic, semantic, and executive function (EFs) tasks to two groups of non-demented PD patients, with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI and PD-nMCI, respectively). We compared these two groups with each other and with matched samples of healthy controls. Our results showed that PD patients exhibited linguistic and semantic deficits even in the absence of MCI. However, not all domains were equally related to EFs and MCI across samples. Whereas EFs predicted disturbances of syntax and object semantics in both PD-nMCI and PD-MCI, they had no impact on action-verb and action-semantic impairments in either group. Critically, patients showed disruptions of action-verb production and action semantics in the absence of MCI and without any executive influence, suggesting a sui generis deficit present since early stages of the disease. These findings indicate that varied language domains are differentially related to the BG, contradicting popular approaches to neurolinguistics. Mención de responsabilidad : Yamile Bocanegra, Adolfo M García, David Pineda, Omar Buriticá, Andrés Villegas, Francisco Lopera, Diana Gómez, Catalina Gómez-Arias, Juan F Cardona, Natalia Trujillo, Agustín Ibáñez Referencia : Cortex. 2015 Aug;69:237-54. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.022 PMID : 26103601 En línea : https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010945215001811#abs0010 Enlace permanente : https://hospitalpablotobon.cloudbiteca.com/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3895 Syntax, action verbs, action semantics, and object semantics in Parkinson's disease: Dissociability, progression, and executive influences [documento electrónico] / Omar Fredy Buriticá Henao,  . - 2015. Obra : Cortex Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave : Parkinson's disease  syntax  action verbs  action semantics  object semantics  executive functions  mild cognitive impairment Resumen : Several studies have recently shown that basal ganglia (BG) deterioration leads to distinctive impairments in the domains of syntax, action verbs, and action semantics. In particular, such disruptions have been repeatedly observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, it remains unclear whether these deficits are language-specific and whether they are equally dissociable from other reported disturbances –viz., processing of object semantics. To address these issues, we administered linguistic, semantic, and executive function (EFs) tasks to two groups of non-demented PD patients, with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI and PD-nMCI, respectively). We compared these two groups with each other and with matched samples of healthy controls. Our results showed that PD patients exhibited linguistic and semantic deficits even in the absence of MCI. However, not all domains were equally related to EFs and MCI across samples. Whereas EFs predicted disturbances of syntax and object semantics in both PD-nMCI and PD-MCI, they had no impact on action-verb and action-semantic impairments in either group. Critically, patients showed disruptions of action-verb production and action semantics in the absence of MCI and without any executive influence, suggesting a sui generis deficit present since early stages of the disease. These findings indicate that varied language domains are differentially related to the BG, contradicting popular approaches to neurolinguistics. Mención de responsabilidad : Yamile Bocanegra, Adolfo M García, David Pineda, Omar Buriticá, Andrés Villegas, Francisco Lopera, Diana Gómez, Catalina Gómez-Arias, Juan F Cardona, Natalia Trujillo, Agustín Ibáñez Referencia : Cortex. 2015 Aug;69:237-54. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.022 PMID : 26103601 En línea : https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010945215001811#abs0010 Enlace permanente : https://hospitalpablotobon.cloudbiteca.com/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3895

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